The risk to patient safety
POU filters provide a physical barrier to the release of harmful opportunistic waterborne pathogens, which is crucial in infection prevention in healthcare settings. Filters are, therefore, relied upon as a critical control measure to protect the most vulnerable end users, who may be immunocompromised and susceptible to infection.
Unauthorised removal of POU filters can increase the risk of infection from waterborne pathogens by enabling the uncontrolled release of contaminated water into the environment. Patients and staff may be exposed directly to microorganisms such as Legionella pneumophila and nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) present in contaminated water systems. Other bacteria that can survive in the environment, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, can also result in cross-contamination of surrounding surfaces.
Therefore, the risk of infection from waterborne pathogens can be of concern to water safety groups, who have specifically installed filters as a critical control measure owing to known contamination of the hospital water system. This can be of more significant concern in areas where immunocompromised and neutropenic patients are present, where any lapse in control could have catastrophic outcomes.
Unauthorised removal of POU filters
Many filters are designed to enable ease of installation and facilitate rapid deployment during water safety emergencies. Typically, this involves the use of a threaded adapter that is screwed into the tap outlet, with a push fit connection for the filter which allows for quick and easy installation and exchange. This simplifies the process and reduces labor time for busy estates teams, however this in turn leaves filters open to misuse by end users as they can be easily removed.
Filters may be removed by unsuspecting end users including visitors, patients and staff mainly due to a lack of awareness of their purpose and importance as a water safety control measure. They may also be removed if flow from the filter has been significantly reduced rendering them unusable for hand washing or showering, typically caused by low water pressure or clogging.
The unauthorised removal of filters increases the risk of infection via three key pathways;